see also: [[Advanced Care Directive]], [[Coroner cases]]
see: [TNH Care of elderly end of life patient in ED](x-devonthink-item://8FF0D3BB-C7A9-43A7-ACD6-F17C4562FFB1), [Cameron - Death and dying](x-devonthink-item://834512A2-5BD1-42BF-9D04-27DFC4BCCBFC?page=0) and [Palliative care](x-devonthink-item://834512A2-5BD1-42BF-9D04-27DFC4BCCBFC?page=28)
[ACEM policy on End of Life and Palliative care in the ED](x-devonthink-item://BC6A9512-B7E7-4659-ACDC-94ED842227E9)
**Non-pharmacological supportive measures**
- Environment factors -
- single room, music and food preferences
- patient factors -
- remove monitoring
- toileting care and skin / pressure cares
- avoid procedures
- cultural and psychosocial factors -
- offer appropriate cultural and religious care and support
- care and communication factors -
- multi-disciplinary input and approach
- timely and sensitive end-of-life discussions with family
- ensure has reviews every 4 hours
- access for family and updating from clinicians
# EOLC medications
## General
## for nursing home
| medication | dosing | available quantities |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| *pain, dysponea* | | |
| hydromorphone | 0.5-1mg s/c Q1H PRN | 2mg/mL 5x1mL ampoules |
| morphine<br>(if eGFR >30) | 1.5-5 mg s/c Q1H PRN | 10mg/mL inj 5 x 1mL ampoules |
| ordine liquid | 0.5-1ml po Q2H PRN | 2mg/mL 200mL x1 |
| *agitation, dysponea* | | |
| clonazepam po | 4 drops po Q1h PRN | 2.5mg/mL (0.1mg/drop) 10mL |
| clonazepam s/c | 0.5-1mg s/c Q1H PRN | 1ml/mL inj 5x 1mL ampoules |
| midazolam s/c<br>(non-PBS) | 2.5-5mg s/c q1h PRN | 5mg/mL 10x 1mL ampoules |
| *nausea / vomiting* | | |
| metoclopramide<br>(if pt has bowel obstruction or PKD, use zofran or haldol) | 10mg s/c Q6H PRN | 10mg/2mL 10 x 2mL ampoules |
| haloperidol | 0.5-1mg s/c Q8H PRN | 5mg/mL inj 10x 1mL amoules |
| ondansetron<br>(non-PBS) | 4-8mg s/c Q8H PRN | 2mg/mL 10x2mL |
| *secretions* | | |
| atropine eye drops (PO dose!)<br>(non-pbs) | 1-2 drops po Q4H PRN | atropine 1% eye drops 15mL x1 |
| hyoscine butylbromide | 20mg s/c Q6H PRN | 20mg/mL 5x 1mL ampoule |
| biotene gel<br>for dry mouth; OTC medication | QID regular + PRN Q1H | biotene gel 42 g |