#resus **causes of ↑ ETCO2?** - ↑ CO2 production; fever/sepsis/seizure - [[Malignant hyperthermia]] - ↑ CO or hypertension ; ROSC post cardiac arrest - [[HCO3 therapy]] administration - alveolar hypoventilation, bronchial intubation, partial airway obstruction, re-breathing - malfunctioning apparatus -- leaks, inadequate fresh gas flow **causes for ↓ ETCO2?** - ↓ CO2 production: [[Hypothermia]] - pulmonary perfusion: ↓ CO, hypotension, hypovolaemia, PE, cardiac arrest - alveolar ventilation: hyperventilation, apnoea, total airway obstruction, extubation