see also: [[Neuro - lower limb]], [[Back pain]], [[Weakness]]
see: [Dunn - Low back pain](x-devonthink-item://D33FBCC0-28BC-40C1-B234-FC21BBD34BB3)
Usually due to proloapsed intervertebral disc; 90% at either L4-L5 or L5-S1
**Risk factors**
- long history of lumbosacral degenerative disease
- lumbosacral trauma
- recent spinal surgery
- anti-coagulation
- cancer
**Clinical features**
- bilat lower extremity pain or weakness strongest predictor
- urinary retention (post-void residual volume >200 mL)
- \> 500 mL OR is 4
- < 50-100mL very uncommon
- saddle anesthesia (loss of peri-anal sensation)
- lax anal tone not very discriminating
- radicular motor deficits
- loss of deep tendon reflexes
![[Pasted image 20250104004706.png]]
![[Pasted image 20250104004727.png]]