see also: [[Weakness]]
see: [tintinalli - myasthenia gravis](x-devonthink-item://B2FD774F-4883-4856-98A1-9BC4CAE66D9C?page=64), [Rosen - Myasthenia Gravis](x-devonthink-item://73BC7BA1-A819-41CB-A75D-399504B965A3?page=2)
> The most significant ED complication of myasthenia gravis is respiratory failure, which is usually precipitated by infection, surgery, or the rapid tapering of immunosuppressive drugs
- fluctuating, fatigable weakness of voluntary muscles
- especially ocular or proximal limbs
- ptosis
- improves with rest
- improvement of ptosis after edrophonium administration
- resp involvement if severe
- Check [[FVC]]; normal is 60-70 mL/kg. Need ventilatory support if < 15mL/kg (also used in GBS)
# Tx
- steroids controversial:
- Most patients show improvement with oral corticosteroids in the short term, although high-dose steroids sometimes result first in more weakness before improvement.
- Azathioprine or mycophenolate can supplement chronic oral steroid therapy and lower steroid dose
- other guidelines say high dose pred 1 - 1.5mg/kg/day is *first line*
- 2g/kg IVIG
- pyridostigmine 10-120mg/day
- neostigmine if isolated ocular disease
- plasmaphoresis if available
- thymectomy
# Drugs to avoid in myasthena Gravis
- steroids
- anticonvulsants- phenytoin, ethosuximide, trimethadione, mag sulfate, lithium
- antimalarials -- cholroqine, quinine
- IVF - sidum lactate solution
- abx - aminoglycosides, fluroquinolones, sulfonamides, lincomycin, clinda, doxycycline, macrolides, flagyle
- psychotropics - chlorpromaize, lithium, amitriptyline, droperidol, haloperidol
- antirheumatics - colchicine
- cardiovascular - beta blockers, lidocaine, CCBs, magnesium
- lidocaine, procaine
- narcotics
- thyroxine
- timolol eye drops
- neuromuscular blockers -- especially sux